The night before, soak the beans and, if you like, a handful of dried chestnuts in a large bowl full of cold water.
The next day, drain the beans, rinse them under running water, and set aside.
Choose a large pot and set it aside.
Finely chop the onion, carrot, and celery and cook for a few minutes over low heat in a bit of olive oil and a knob of butter. Then, add the sage and bay leaves.
Pour the beans into the pan. Stir again and cook for 3 minutes.
Add the red wine, let it evaporate while stirring over high heat, add the tomato paste, stir, and then add the water.
Bring to a boil, lower the heat, and cook on low heat for about an hour and a half or until the beans are tender.
Turn off the heat and remove 1/3 of the beans from the pot. Remove sage and bay leaves.
Use an immersion blender to blend the contents of the pot until creamy. Taste and add salt if needed.
Bring the broth back to a boil, and then add the pasta and the whole beans. Lower the heat and cook for a few minutes, stirring.
Serve the soup hot with grated Parmesan aside.